The figures you see online are a measure of chamber pressure not muzzle pressure. The 20k psi of the 45acp is only within the confines of its little case.
E.g. 300 blackout and 308...
The blackout with a much smaller case will create much higher peak pressure (accelerating the bullet very nicely), but with less powder there's less total gas volume and by the time it's expanded all the way down the barrel, the will be very little muzzle pressure. Exhibit A:
308 with a much larger case, needs more powder to generate enough pressure to accellerate the bullet. Chamber pressure might be lower, but the extra gas created by the powder results in more pressure at the muzzle. Exhibit B:
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