Close Gyp,
What actually happens is that the force of the firing pin hitting the primer and the primer going of shunts the whole case to the front of the chamber. You can often see this with sub loads where the primer is protruding from the back of the case due to the low pressure. As pressure builds the front of the case grips the chamber walls and the case head is forced back over the primer to contact the bolt face. This is the point where the case may separate. If it does then the gas can flow forward until it gets to the shoulder that is still pressed tight into the chamber. The dents we see form at this point. Dents like that can also form with very low pressure loads. And it all happens in microseconds!
Regards Grandpamac.
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