Its actually ar 450 the ratings are a range in this case brinell 430 to 480. Ar 500 goes from 460 to 530 so 500 can be 450 and vice versa. The test certificate was 460. Starting at a mv of 2350 fps and energy of 1650 ft lbs at 25 yards it hits the plate where its converted into heat. The damage that bullets do to hard plate is due to that kinetic energy being turned into heat and vaporizing the metal that's why you get craters and not dimples. Obviously lead cored bullets are better at energy transfer than soft steel cores.
I used the rest of the packets in a much less scientific but thoroughly enjoyable fashion.
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